The Present Perfect Tense
The present perfect is formed like this:
have/has + past participle
have/has + past participle
يتكون المضارع التام من have أو has + التصريف الثالث للفعل
و يمكن الحصول على التصريف الثالث باضافة ed/d الى المصدر اذا كان منتظم أو يمكن معرفته اذا كان شاذا من موضوعirregular verbs المطروح من قبل .
[/The present perfect is often used :
*when The time period has not finished
يستخدم اذا كان وقت القيام بالشىءلم ينتهىبعد
I have seen three movies this week.
(This week has not finished yet.)
(This week has not finished yet.)
عند عدم ذكر الوقت الذي قمنا فيه العمل بالتحديد
*when the time is not mentioned
Gerry has failed his exam again.
Gerry has failed his exam again.
عندما يكون الفعل قد انتهي توا
*when the time is recent:
Ikuko has just arrived in Victoria.
Ikuko has just arrived in Victoria.
with for and since*
مع for و since و تاتيان و تاتيان في نهاية الجملة مع وقت الحدوث
مع for و since و تاتيان و تاتيان في نهاية الجملة مع وقت الحدوث
Greg has lived here for 20 years.
Greg has lived here since 1978.
Greg has lived here since 1978.
*With ( already , just , ever ,never ,recently ) between verb to have and the past participle
مع الكلمات المعطاه و توضع في المنتصف بين verb to have و التصريف الثالث
I have just finished my homework .
*with yet ( comes at the end of the sentence) the verb is always in the negative form
ياتي مع yet و يكون الفعل منفي دائما .
I haven’t finished my homework yet .
Making the correct form.
Jack (be) my friend for over 20 years. We (know) each other since we were children. Recently, he and his family (move) to a house on the same street as me, and now our children play together almost every day.
For the last ten years, Jack and I (play) for the same hockey team every Saturday. Jack is a better player than I am, but in the last few months he (have) some trouble with his left knee, and he (find) it hard to play a full game. He (see) the doctor several times about his knee, but the doctor doesn’t know what is causing his pain. Jack (decide) to take a break from hockey for a while, so that his knee can recover. It’s going to be lonely on the team without him!
